Everything about Solar Maximum Mission totally explained
This article is about the space satellite. For other uses, see SMM (disambiguation)
The
Solar Maximum Mission satellite (or SolarMax) was designed to investigate solar phenomenon, particularly
solar flares. It was launched on
February 14,
1980.
Whilst not unique in this endeavour, the SMM was notable in that its useful life compared with similar
spacecraft was significantly increased by the direct intervention of a manned space mission. In
1984 the
Space Shuttle Challenger intercepted it, maneuvering the SMM into the shuttle's payload bay for maintenance and repairs. SMM has been fitted with a shuttle "grapple fixture" so that the shuttle's
robot arm could grab it in anticipation of possible repairs. The mission is depicted in the 1985
IMAX movie
The Dream Is Alive.
Significantly, the SMM's ACRIM instrument package showed that, contrary to expectations, the Sun is actually brighter during the
sunspot cycle maximum (when the greatest number of dark 'sunspots' appear). This is because sunspots are surrounded by bright features called
faculae, which more than cancel the darkening effect of the sunspot.
The Solar Maximum Mission ended on
December 2 1989 when the spacecraft
re-entered the atmosphere and burned up.
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